
Of course, I had to go and look up the history of ghettos in America.
You see, I joke that I have a mind like a stainless steel lint trap: it only retains the most useless stuff. However, this is not even true, really. The truth is that I have a mind like Indy when he’s bored. I will not only chase after any irrelevant distraction that crosses my path, but I will then, with absolute determination, take it apart, examine the parts, and then bat it around till it ends up under the (metaphorical, ontological) fridge, where it’s out of my reach.
And having started thinking about how much the song “In The Ghetto” annoys me, because its assumptions are so wrong they’re not even in the right universe, I found myself trying to figure out what American ghettos actually were. I mean, we all heard about them over and over, but what were they, REALLY? Because they weren’t the same as European Jewish ghettos where Jews were confined by law, and often not allowed to be out of after sundown or whatever. (Depending on the time and place.)
The answer is… complicated. As of course such things are because America has a massive hole in the head when it comes to race, both seeing it where it never existed, and then trying to erase it in weird, government centric ways, when not trying to emphasize it in weird, government centric ways. Take it from someone who grew up abroad, and whose ideas of race are either far more complicated than American culture — each nation a race! Forget genetics, hits history! — or far more simple — who gives a d*mn about race? It’s culture that matters! — that America’s way of thinking/handling/dealing with the fact that humans come in different skin tones and sets of features is bizarre enough it will eventually give archeologists headaches.
In the sense that the lending/selling apparatus of the US was for a time weaponized in the service of segregation of the races (due to governmental decree) America could be said to have — for a time at least — have had real ghettos. This was an artifact of law and finance, not of the people on the ground. And such ghettos, being imposed from above tended thereby to become… limited and limiting of those confined to them.
Or in other words, it limited the choices and ability to thrive of people who were more or less unwillingly confined into them.
However, if wikipedia is to be believed (and I’m not giving them a link, because they rarely are) the term ghetto also applies to what they call “voluntary segregation” which according to them (rolls eyes till she sees her own brain) is still going on today. Also according to them ghettos aren’t just racial, but also economic, because people want to segregate from icky poor people and —
Bah.
I’m sure some of you are for more versed on this than I am, however the whiff I started to get is that ghettos is applied to everything the do-gooders and impersonal planners don’t approve of. If your neighborhood is not what they’d like then stomp, stomp, stomp it’s a ghetto and it needs to be broken apart, dispersed, gentrified, de-gentrified and made into something they like.
And what do I mean by gentrified and de-gentrified? How can they want to do both?
Oh dear. So. You have to understand that the Planners That Would Be don’t really have a vision. They just have a naked will to power that they disguise under wanting to do good.
No. I’m being uncharitable. let me rephrase that. Most of them desperately want to do good, but don’t cope well with unintended consequences, which in turn causes them to waver back and forth, in search of an ideal state that can’t happen. The fact that this causes their solution to end up being the worst of both worlds is probably lost on them. Or maybe gives them another “cause” to pursue ad infinitum.
What I mean is that because their definition of ghetto is insane, it applies not only to blighted urban neighborhoods, segregated by race and thereby confined and limiting as to human potential, but to simply neighborhoods that are poor or unsightly or to — in fact — under the “voluntary” segregation, historical black neighborhoods, rich and well-functioning in their own right.
Look, the left doesn’t like it when white people do it — while almost enforcing it when anyone else does — but humans do try to congregate in “looks like me” communities. This was fairly obvious to me, from the first week as an exchange student, during orientation in New York City. (It was also fairly baffling, as apparently I’m one of the very few people whose programming is broken because I don’t do this at all. But then again, Odd in every way.) In a college campus filled with hundreds of students from all over the world, those people who had taken the trouble of becoming students abroad, so they could experience a different culture, congregated in ethno-cultural groups. Like this: The Portuguese all clustered, but if there weren’t enough of them in an area, they’d aggregate with the Brazilians. Failing enough Brazilians, Portuguese and Spaniards would congregate. If not enough Spaniards, Portuguese would cleave to those of Spanish colonies, if– You get the point. People gravitated to people who either spoke similar languages, or looked alike. In ultimate “need” Portuguese would gravitate to Italians, Greeks and Arabs, because they all look “substantially alike.” (Though if you grow up in one of these, you can tell the others very easily, and even group them mentally by where they’re from. Whereas after 39 years in America, I have trouble telling the difference. Eh.)
It’s probably some very old programming in the back brain, because honestly, in pre-history the more someone looked like you, the better chance they were related/same tribe/related tribe, and the less chance you’d end up in the stew pot. (Judging by the archeological digs never a zero chance, but lower.)
So, yeah, people more or less self-segregate, not even along racial lines, but along “looks alike” lines.
What this means for a nation of immigrants like the US is that particularly for newcomers or people with strong racial differences that are visually obvious — black people, say, or Asians, but at a certain time or place, Italians and Irish — there tend to be entire neighborhoods where they self-segregate. I.e. they preferentially buy there, and if a stranger buys there, they are more or less glared out of the neighborhood, even if nothing worse happens to them. Trust me, most of the time you won’t even buy there, because when you go to look at the house, everyone glares at you. (Yes, I’m speaking from personal experience of shopping for houses in places with such neighborhoods.)
But these neighborhoods also have a culture of their own, and one which is very comfortable to the people buying in them. Whether you’re freed slaves from the South, or immigrants recently arrived from Italy, the ethnic neighborhood in a large city can provide a place where you’re comfortable and “at home” enough as you get a foothold in the new country or the more general culture.
Now, of course, those places have good and bad characteristics. One of the bad ones is that you don’t really integrate into the land to which you took the trouble to migrate (and freed slaves migrated to the North) or into the wider American culture which, frankly, has some pretty amazing advantages, in terms of world and cultures. What I mean is, if you live in a solid multi-block Italian (or Portuguese, or Jewish, or Vietnamese) neighborhood, you’re going to be operating by the rules of the country you came from. And you might not learn English very well or at all. This can be limiting as to where you shop, where you work, how far you go in school, or what type of professions you learn.
Which, yes, depending on what the culture is, can lead to ghettoization, understood as a limiting of opportunities and financial well-being. Now, for most cultures, and absent government interference (which has never been absent when applied to black people, alas) ghettos of this kind tend to break apart in three generations, or 100 years or so. As in people succumb to the lure of selling their place to well-paying strangers; kids are educated in the wider culture, intermarry and move away; osmosis occurs between the insular culture and the hosting country. (Excepted here are those communities, like, say Orthodox Jews who have a … ah… higher mandate to remain separated. Amish fall in this too, other than the fact that they, of course, aren’t urban. And, yes, a lot of the currently incoming Muslim immigrants might well fall into this as well.)
Anyway, the problem is that do-gooders, and particularly the kind of insufferable do-gooder mentality behind “In the ghetto” intervenes long before 100 years.
If the area of ethno-cultural segregation is poor and visually distinct (note that the insufferable song would never be written about Orthodox Jewish neighborhoods, because the culture simply doesn’t lend itself to it.) the do gooders will look at it as “something must be done.”
And weirdly the something that must be done very often involves big projects that forcibly relocate people and demolish the homes they are attached to, while relocating these people who might or might not be poor, but who have been integrated in a functioning community into big urban projects with the chronically poor afflicted by various pathologies.
Look, when reading the definition of ghetto according to the liberals at Wikipedia, I flashed on the history of the black community in Denver. No, it really doesn’t exist now, not in terms of neighborhood, and it never existed that I knew it as such. It was long before my time, that the Five Points community in Denver, by the time I moved a trendy area being gentrified, used to be a fully functional community of black people who had immigrated from the South after the civil war. From everything I can read about it, it was fully functioning, and a supportive and culturally functional community of its kind. By this I mean it looked after its own and had rules that supported youth growing up functional and families forming and staying together. (It’s hard to be sure, because when researching it, you have to filter out all the bias for and against depending on when the stuff was written.)
It also grated on do-gooders nerves, mostly because, yes, it was restrictive. As in, it wasn’t a “do your own thing” community, but one that enforced its rules, but also because it was poor (again for various reasons) and had some characteristics of rural Southern culture which seems to ping most Americans raised outside it, as both poor and annoying.
And so… enter urban renewal. People had their houses bought from under them and were relocated and dispersed “for their own good” and the area became more blighted, as tends to happen, in between government buildings and … well, nothing much.
From what I can tell urban planners for a while had an habit of targeting and breaking functional black communities that were mostly “poor but honest” in the sense that while economically they might not have been anything much, they had a supportive culture that enabled those who wanted to do well in the wider world (as soon as mandatory segregation was lifted.)
Now, here’s the thing: that stuff can be good and bad. I mean, the area itself, eventually, can end up being more prosperous. And those people who were dispersed and for a time had their lives destroyed, also might end up materially better off.
The problem is that as a rabbi who walked the shores of Galilee long ago said “Not of bread alone lives Man.”
And here I must bring my own experience and perception of this, because you see, in another country, and another time, the place where I grew up was one of those communities interfered with and improved for their own being.
The truth is that the place I grew up in was more town than village. I refer to it as village (almost hamlet) because the particular “neighborhood” I grew up in had that feel. It was at one time a Roman farm, part of a larger community. In fact the name for the area derived from the farming part of the latifundium. Nearby areas included “Forno” which from the fact that the ruins of a massive baking complex were found there, was where the communal ovens were, etc. Someone with an interest in linguistics could probably reconstruct the considerable holdings of some Roman Veteran awarded an estate in these barbarous (Celtic, largely) regions.
But the place I grew up in was one long street, maybe a mile and a half long, with large and small houses either side, and not much depth. There was a “back street” and alleys connecting the two, but mostly behind the front street and the back street, and a couple of streets branching off where the houses were rarer and the fields more common, it was all farms, fields, forests.
Insert here the fact that the area was apparently much larger and more prosperous before the Black Plague, and it must have been a market town of some importance, judging by the areal views showing ruins of buildings extending into what I thought — growing up — was forest primeval. That’s neither here nor there, just perhaps a bit of perspective on how things change, even absent governmental mandates and well intentioned do gooders with plans.
When I was growing up…. Well, I have it on good authority it was far more prosperous than when dad was growing up. Which considering that he grew up on the heels of the great depression (When America sneezes the world catches pneumonia) and on the heels of World War I and during World War II (Which even if Portugal stayed out of it, still immiserated the region) is not perhaps surprising.
However, when I was growing up, Brother’s characterization of us as being “poor as Job” was not precisely wrong. It would have irked grandmother no end, because we weren’t poor. We were those who “made do.” Let’s however say that any community in which people unravel last year’s sweater and dye the thread to make this year’s sweaters is not exactly flush with money. As is, my family was relatively well off, and had habits that made us seem more well off than we were, including habits of reading and learning and saving. Also we lived in a multi-room house, with a functional kitchen and a more or less functional bathroom (even if that was outside the back door. It was a bathroom, though, not an outhouse.)
The vast majority of the village, though, were tiny houses with perhaps two rooms (the kitchen and everything else) in which families with multiple children lived. As far as bathing, they availed themselves of communal facilities. And entire groups of buildings might share an outhouse, in arrangements that were positively medieval.
Needless to say, I have a soft-edged recollection of the village of my childhood. Truth be told, I miss it, and will perhaps one day get to walk its streets without those downsides of this earthly state, again in a better place. But I’m not blind to the fact it was a wretched place to live for most of these people, at least seen from the outside.
Seen from the outside? Well, I can tell you the fact that we used chamber pots (would you want to go to the bathroom outside in winter at night, as a small child? Or even an adult?) or that eight people shared a bathroom with only cold running water, or that the kitchen had no faucet and depended on water pumped from the well for all the washing up, or a million other inconveniences, struck neither myself nor my family as particularly onerous, even though being plunged into those circumstances now would be unendurable. I suspect the poorer people also viewed those as “just the way we live” and weren’t particularly bothered.
All the same, the village was improving. The “new generation” (My parents and those their age and younger) were either building new houses, which were — if still wretchedly inconvenient to how I live NOW and here — modern, clean and convenient (my parents’ house had two bathrooms for 4 people. Both of them indoors. With hot and cold running water. The lap of luxury.) or buying older houses and retrofitting them to 20th century standards. Some “buildings” of more than one residence were also going up, market driven by the lack of housing that met the standards of the younger people.
Needless to say this was not enough for governmental purposes. At any rate, they needed to build a highway and if they didn’t actively dislike the village, they also saw nothing much worth preserving. And let’s be honest, I’m fairly sure they considered us “blighted” and in need of improvement.
So not only was the new highway designed so it sliced the village neatly in two, but the only way over it, for people who lived there, was a pedestrian bridge. There was absolutely no reason this could not have been made into a bridge that admitted cars — in fact, the bridge is wide enough for that, which is why they had to put pillars across the top, because locals were blithely driving over it — and kept the functioning of the village — other than the parts demolished — intact.
Instead, the village was bisected, and the way around cumbersome enough that it was killed as a functioning culture and community. This combined with the new access to and from the city opened the way for a lot of Stack-a-prole apartment buildings, and for the community where I grew up to disappear under a forest of cement and imports-from-outside.
Now, realistically, and with no rose colored glasses, are the people living in the village better off than in the old days? Yep. Yep they are.
Most of the unsightly cement-block apartments have bathrooms, separate rooms for parents and children, and functional, usable kitchens. It is probably healthier, too.
The thing is those people aren’t the same who lived there. A lot of those were relocated to projects with the urban poor, because apparently planners see only income and not culture. A lot of others, the ones who sold the land these buildings are on, are probably living somewhere nearby. A lot of the people who used to live there simply cannot afford to buy even a condo in one of the buildings.
Everyone has become dispersed and rootless, and there is no community to speak of.
Is this better or worse? Well, I’ve talked about the restrictive and crab-bucketish characteristics of the village. Some people probably thrived when freed. On the other hand, there also isn’t the support of a shared culture and shared responsibilities and raising of children according to accepted principles.
In fact, ultimately what is achieved is the casting of people into the culture imposed by the centralized government which is mostly built by the people who look at any “poor” community of long standing and see a ghetto. Instead of the restrictive rules enforced by the old women, about dressing modestly, and “remediating” sin with marriage, and such, you get a restrictive culture about not using too much electricity because of “global warming” and of blaming all your failures on faceless others who are “holding you down.”
It’s double edged. Over all material comfort is increased. On the other hand, not only is Chesterton’s fence erased, but even the memory of there having been a fence, and any memory of self-sufficient communities who more or less looked after their own, however limited they might have been materially.
Perhaps superimposing my history and the history of the community I grew up in is what makes me flinch at the “do gooders” erasing the “ghettos” that existed as functional ethnic communities in US cities until the planners got to them.
Or perhaps I’m seeing something real, as judged by the fact that those same do-gooders seem to recognize that after their interference and the inevitable “gentrification” that sweeps in, with developers making what remains into “quaint” lofts and “distinctive” residences for the very rich, a displaced population is left markedly poor in a way they can’t quite quantify.
The do-gooders then “solve” this by railing against heartless “gentrification” and the rich people who “chased’ the poor off. When the poor were in fact already chased off by stupid planning interference.
Do I have a solution? No. I neither have it nor do I believe I should. I think communities should be left to evolve and live and die naturally without regulations trying to shape them into someone’s idea of paradise.
I mean, in my ideal world, anyone from outside a community coming in and deciding they ought to break it up/rebuild it according to someone’s idea of sanitary and prosperous, would be met with a bunch of locals with shotguns and told to go back and mind their own business.
But then in my ideal world, the government leaves the people alone, except for guarding the borders and minding the highways.
Which means my ideal world might as well be Narnia, considering how unreachable it is.
All in all, it makes me even more upset about “In the Ghetto” which seems to be the rallying cry of the do gooders, making the uninformed all worked up about a problem that might or might not exist, and weaponized to go interfere with someone else’s life.
And that’s my own, semi-informed and pretty ranty view of the matter.



































































































